WEDNESDAY, May 4, 2022 (HealthDay News) — For patients surviving acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the 10-year mortality and recurrence rates have decreased over the last decades, according to a study published online May 4 in JAMA Cardiology.
Yun Wang, Ph.D., from Yale New Haven Hospital in Connecticut, and colleagues examined trends in 10-year all-cause mortality and hospitalization for recurrent AMI by demographic subgroups among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries who survived after AMI from 1995 to 2019. Data were included for 3,982,266 AMI survivors.
The researchers found that the 10-year mortality rate was 72.7 percent and recurrent AMI rate was 27.1 percent. For mortality and recurrence, the adjusted annual reductions were 1.5 and 2.7 percent, respectively. In subgroup analyses, the hazard ratios for mortality and recurrence were 1.13 and 1.07 for men and women, respectively; 1.05 and 1.08 for Black and White patients, respectively; 0.96 and 1.00 for other race and White patients, respectively; and 1.24 and 1.21 for dual and nondual Medicare-Medicaid eligible patients, respectively. Comparing patients hospitalized in 2007 to 2009 with those hospitalized in 1995 to 1997, the 10-year mortality and 10-year recurrence risks were significantly lower (adjusted hazard ratios, 0.86 and 0.77, respectively). Compared with those without recurrence, patients with recurrent AMI had increased mortality within 10 years of initial AMI (80.6 versus 72.4 percent).
“Marked differences in outcomes and temporal trends were observed across demographic subgroups,” the authors write. “National efforts to reduce inequities in long-term outcomes should be health care priorities in the U.S. for the coming decade.”
One author disclosed financial ties to the pharmaceutical, health care, and legal industries.
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