Inflammation and malnutrition play a critical role in the outcomes of patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS). Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is commonly utilized to evaluate the peri-operative immune-nutritional status of patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery and is independently associated with survival. We assessed the association between immune-nutritional status, indexed by PNI, and outcomes in CAS patients.
A total of 615 patients hospitalized for CAS in a tertiary heart center were enrolled in the study. PNI was calculated using the following formula: 10× serum albumin value (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood (per mm3). In-hospital and 5-year outcomes (ipsilateral stroke, major stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, and mortality) were compared between the tertiles of PNI.
In-hospital outcomes were similar between the groups except the increased mortality in decreasing tertiles of PNI. During a mean follow-up duration of 51.1 months, the lower PNI tertile was related to unfavorable outcomes. After adjusting for multi-model Cox regression analysis, PNI persisted as an independent prognostic factor for mortality and major stroke.
PNI was independently associated with long-term mortality and major stroke in CAS patients. Malnutrition and inflammation, which can be assessed easily and quickly using PNI, have an important prognostic value in the patients undergoing CAS.

Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Author