The unbalanced translocation der (1;7)(q10;p10) is a characteristic cytogenetic abnormality observed in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). A 63-year-old man presented to our hospital with fever and lung disease. The chromosomal analysis of bone marrow cells showed 46, XY, +1, der (1;7)(q10;p10) in all four metaphases. The patient was diagnosed with MDS. Bronchoscope examination revealed organizing pneumonia. The patient’s eosinophil count rose to 39% after 30 days. His fever and dyspnea worsened, and a skin rash (systemic erythema) appeared simultaneously. Therefore, the patient was commenced on azacitidine and corticosteroids. Although treatment with both drugs could control disease progression transiently, the WT-1 value and the percentage of myeloblasts in the patient’s bone marrow increased. Therefore, the patient received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from his haplo-identical donor daughter. Some reports have demonstrated that patients with MDS with der (1;7)(q10;p10) have better prognosis than those with other abnormalities, such as -7/7q-. However, reported cases with severe complications show very poor prognosis. MDS with der (1;7)(q10;p10) complicated by eosinophilia and organizing pneumonia have not been reported, and its prognosis is expected to be very poor. Our case suggests that such cases might quickly require hematopoietic stem cell transplantation before the disease worsens.
