For a study, researchers sought to ascertain the national incidence and risk factors for developing endophthalmitis following cataract surgery in the United States. Medicare participants over the age of 65 had cataract surgery between 2011 and 2019. All individuals who underwent one cataract surgery between 2011 and 2019 were identified using Medicare records. Endophthalmitis patients were detected using diagnostic codes within 90 days following cataract surgery. Patients with a history of endophthalmitis during the previous 12 months after their cataract surgical operation were excluded. The annual and aggregate 9-year occurrences of all cataract surgeries and stand-alone cataract operations were determined. A stepwise multivariable logistic regression model with generalized estimating equations was used to assess risk variables for postoperative endophthalmitis. The incidence of 90-day postoperative endophthalmitis and patient risk variables related to endophthalmitis development following cataract surgery.
Between 2011 and 2019, a total of 14,396,438 cataract operations were performed on Medicare participants. The total 90-day postoperative endophthalmitis rate for all cataract treatments was 1.36 per 1,000 cataract surgeries and 1.30 per 1,000 cataract surgeries for stand-alone cataract procedures. During the 9-year research period, rates of surgical endophthalmitis decreased. On multivariable analysis, the risk of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was higher in eyes with any history of invasive glaucoma surgery (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18–1.65), Blacks (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07–1.20), Native Americans (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.19–1.73), and eyes with any history of invasive glaucoma surgery (OR, 1.40; 95% Endophthalmitis was more likely in cataract cases paired with retinal surgery (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 2.15–3.16) and those conducted when the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was more than 0. Cases done on women had a lower risk of endophthalmitis than cases performed on males (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86–0.92). Between 2011 and 2019, the total 90-day postoperative endophthalmitis rate following cataract surgery was 1.36 per 1,000 cataract procedures. Endophthalmitis risk was linked with patient age, gender, ethnicity, and CCI.
Reference:www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161-6420(21)00685-0/fulltext
