The role of prenatal vitamin D sufficiency and supplementation in the development of childhood aeroallergen sensitization and allergic rhinitis remains uncertain.
To describe the association of prenatal vitamin D sufficiency with childhood allergic outcomes in participants of the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), a randomized controlled trial of prenatal vitamin D supplementation.
414 mother-offspring pairs with offspring aeroallergen sensitization data available at 6 years of age were included in this analysis. We examined the association between prenatal vitamin D sufficiency status, based on vitamin D levels measured in the first and third trimester, or vitamin D supplementation treatment assignment with the outcomes of aeroallergen sensitization, parent-reported clinical allergic rhinitis, parent-reported clinical allergic rhinitis with aeroallergen sensitization, food sensitization, any sensitization, eczema and total IgE at ages 3 and 6 years.
Early prenatal vitamin D insufficiency with late sufficiency, in comparison to early and late insufficiency, was associated with reduced development of clinical allergic rhinitis with aeroallergen sensitization at 3 years (aOR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.13,0.82, p=0.02) and 6 years (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.29,0.98, p=0.05). At 6 years, clinical allergic rhinitis with sensitization was significantly decreased in offspring whose mothers received high-dose vitamin D (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32,0.91, p = 0.02) compared to offspring whose mothers who received low-dose vitamin D. Associations of prenatal vitamin D with aeroallergen sensitization were strengthened among children who also developed asthma or who had a maternal history of atopy.
Among mothers with first-trimester vitamin D insufficiency, we detected a protective effect of third-trimester prenatal vitamin D sufficiency on the development of clinical allergic rhinitis with aeroallergen sensitization at ages 3 and 6 years.

Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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